Posted
on Sun, Jun. 26, 2005
Scholar
discovers missing links in Parker’s past
Two
of Jazz legend’s former KC homes still stand
By LEE
HILL KAVANAUGH The Kansas City Star
Every
decade millions of families fill out census forms.
Mundane stuff.
Names and ages. Do you own or rent your home? And, in the 1930 questionnaire:
Do you own a radio?
Like millions
of others, the Parker family — Charles Sr., Addie and 9-year-old
Charlie — are listed on the 1930 survey.
They didn’t
own a radio. But someday, Charlie’s music would be heard on the radio.
And someday, the legend of Charlie “Bird” Parker, one of the
world’s greatest jazz musicians, would be known around the world.
But facts of Parker’s childhood remained a mystery because no one
found the paper trail.
Now, new
details have emerged from these mundane sources. Details that have uncovered
two rare jewels: Parker’s boyhood homes still exist.
The 1930
U.S. Census forms, which the government released 72 years after people
filled them out, recently became available in area public libraries. Kansas
City author and jazz scholar Chuck Haddix took a peek.
“It
was like finding a diamond,” he says.
Parker biographies
state that when he was a boy his family moved from Kansas City, Kan.,
to a house in the 1500 block of Olive Street, just a few blocks from 18th
and Vine.
But census
and school records show a move in between. The Parkers lived in Westport
for seven years in a mostly white, wealthy neighborhood, where his father
worked as a janitor.
Unlike the
homes in Kansas City, Kan., and on Olive Street — both long torn
down — their Westport apartment still stands. Plus, when Haddix shared
his news with a British jazz scholar, Llew Walker, he learned there was
yet another Parker apartment just around the corner from the first. Both
are in the old Hyde Park historic neighborhood.
“This
is so much different than the story told before,” Haddix said. “…
I drove over to the house and stood there with my mouth open, knowing
that this was where Charlie Parker had lived.”
The address
the Parkers listed in 1930 is 109 W. 34th St. The red brick two-story
building is vacant. Its door is cracked open. Trash blows around. The
building is owned by a bank in Illinois that took over the deed in April
2001.
“I don’t
want it to be torn down,” Haddix said.
“The
world needs to know about this.”
The other
residence where the family lived is at 3527 Wyandotte St., according to
school records. The apartment building is a Greek-revival fourplex that
was months away from demolition when a family bought the property in 2000.
The only
other known residence of Charlie Parker still standing is “Bird’s
House” in New York City, his last residence before his death in 1955.
That home is now on the National Register of Historic Places.
“We
just think it’s wonderful!” said Paul Lerner, director of development
at the American Jazz Museum at 18th and Vine, when he heard the news.
Kansas City
historian Jane Flynn’s reaction echoed Lerner’s. She said she
thought there was a very good chance that both apartment buildings would
easily qualify for the National Register of Historic Places with the evidence
of census and school record documents.
Haddix uncovered
the new information when he was double-checking facts for the book he
co-wrote with Frank Driggs, Kansas City Jazz: From Ragtime to Bebop, published
in May. Haddix was in the final edit and was frustrated by the lack of
information about Parker’s formative years.
“I did
the usual thing that everybody always had when writing about Bird: I wrote
that the father left and that Addie brought her boy to Missouri,”
he says. But when he checked other documents, Haddix learned about the
1930 census information from Johnson County librarian Stuart Hines.
The records
showed that Parker’s father was still with the family when they lived
in Missouri.
Haddix shared
his findings with Walker, who also had found the census records. Walker
created a Web site about Charlie Parker after the much publicized auction
in New York of Charlie Parker’s King saxophone earlier this year.
His Web site is at .html.
“Contradictory
stories get rolled out every 10 years or so, and I was so sick of hearing
them,” Walker said in a phone call from London. So Walker began his
own sleuthing to find records that would cement facts into lore.
Both Haddix
and Walker learned through Kansas City, Kan., school records that Charlie
attended Douglass Elementary for kindergarten and first grade. According
to Kansas City district records, he went to Penn School from second through
sixth grade, Sumner School for seventh grade, and then Lincoln High School
until Dec. 10, 1935. He finished the ninth grade at Lincoln, where records
show he played in the band but do not specify which instrument.
But Parker
never attended Crispus Attucks school, as so many articles and books have
said.
Knowing that
Charlie Parker grew up with white children changes much of what was thought
about him, Haddix said.
“He
played in integrated bands and was very comfortable in the white world,”
Haddix said. “I think it’s because of growing up where he did.
So much of what has been written about Parker has been sensationalized
and turned into myth. … I think this really changes my perspective
on Bird.”
At the building
on Wyandotte Street, Brad Menger and his relatives have been painting
its colonnade, installing a brick walkway and refinishing its woodwork.
“That’s
really great!” said Menger, when he learned his home’s history
as he was painting the building Wednesday. But his face still showed a
question. “Now, who was he again?”
Menger said
that he recognized the name Charlie Parker, but that he does not listen
to much music, let alone jazz.
That quickly
changed. Friday afternoon, Haddix took a Parker album to the house so
Menger could christen the air inside with the music of the boy who once
lived there.
Menger also
may rename the building “Yardbird Suites.”
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Go to KansasCity.com
for more
on Charlie Parker.
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To reach Lee Hill Kavanaugh, call (816) 234-4420 or send
e-mail to lkavanaugh@kcstar.com.
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